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The term "pvt ltd company" refers to a private limited corporation could be any kind or business organization that is in "private" control which is utilized in numerous countries, as opposed to the publicly traded company that has some differences between countries. Examples include: LLC that is found in the United States, private company limited by shares in the United Kingdom, GmbH in Germany and Austria in Germany and Austria, societe de responsabilite limite in France as well as sociedad de responsibility limitada in the world of Spanish. The advantage of having an LLC that is private is that it is only a small amount of liability.  PVT ltd company registration be offered to shareholders within the company, which means that it may be challenging to liquidate the company.

Albania[edit]

The law in Albania an Albanian limited liability entity (  Shoqeri mepergjegjesi te Kufizuar Sh.p.k) is a commercial business founded by individuals who are of legal or physical standing and who are not personally responsible for the company, and who personally are only responsible for losses in the amount of contributions due under agreements. Contributions from partners form the capital registered for a limited-liability business. Each partner is entitled to a quota in the company , in proportion to their share of capital, so the capital registered by the company is distributed among the partners according to the proportional proportion of their contributions. In Albania the limited liability company must not possess a capital value lower than ark.

Argentina[edit]

While not exactly the same However, however, the Argentine variation in the LLC is called Sociedad of Responsibilidad Limitada (S.R.L. ) and restricts the liability of its members to their contribution to capital in the company. Equity is split into equally stakes (can not be referred to as "shares") and each of which is an amount of the business and cannot be sold on the market. The by-laws of the partnership are governed by the law and the commercial partnership is restricted to 50 partners.

Bolivia[edit]

In Bolivia in Bolivia, the LLC version is known as Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitedada (S.R.L.). The legal framework of these firms are outlined in the board (Decree Law Ndeg 14379 of February 25 1977) along with its amendments, as well as other laws. The members are involved by way of capital stakes, as well as their liabilities are restricted to the amount they have paid in contributions. The number of members should be between 2 and 25.

Bosnia and Herzegovina[ editBosnia and Herzegovina[ edit

Bosnian and Herzegovinian law, similar to that of Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia is considering LLCs as the drustvo s ogranicenom or odgovornos (d.o.o.). Companies with this structure include an abbreviation d.o.o. to their company's name. A shareholder or member of a d.o.o. is personally liable only for the value of the investment made by the member within the firm. 

 Brazil[edit]

The corporate structure under Brazilian law with the most resemblance that of one of American LLC is called the Sociedade Limitada ("Ltda ."), under the new Brazilian Civil Code of 2002. The Sociedade Limitada is the brand new name of the sociedade for limits on responsibility, and it may be operated as an empresaria or a simples, as per the new code, which is roughly similar to the forms of commercial ("commercial") as well as civil ("non commercial") of the Commercial Code. An amendment to the law of Brazil has allowed the creation of an LLC through a sole-proprietor with two types: Empresa Individual de Responsabilidade Limitada ( Eireli for short) or Sociedade Unipessoal Limitada ("Ltda ."). The most important prerequisite to be the formation of an Eireli includes a capital amount of 100 times the minimum wage,[88 R$1 78.800,00 [9](US$26.267.00) in 2015; for an Sociedade Unipessoal Limitedada, the same rules apply as to the other Sociedades Limitadas [10]

Bulgaria[edit]

Bulgarian legislation corresponds LLCs (Ltd, GmbH, SARL, etc.) as "Druzhestvo s ogranichena Otgovornost" ( Druzhestvo s the ogranichena of the of otgovornost (company which has a limited liability). Companies that are incorporated under this form include the Cyrillic abbreviation OOD (Latin script: OOD) to their name. In the case of an LLC incorporated with a sole-shareholder/member (sole-ownership), this is designated and known as "Ednolichno druzhestvo s ogranichena otgovornost" (Ednolichno druzhestvo s ogranichena otgovornost; sole-ownership company with limited liability) and abbreviated as EOOD (EOOD). The EOOD specifically is not subject to general, annual or extraordinary meetings to make decisions, and can only issue writing resolutions. 

 Chile[edit]

Chilean law allows for a particular type of LLC referred to as "Sociedad of Responsabilidad Limitedada" (Limited liability association). Additionally, (LLC) These firms are controlled under the laws of Ndeg 3.918. The most significant features, we can state that:

• They can pursue a commercial or non-commercial purpose (Sociedad Comercial de Responsabilidad Limitada / Sociedad Civil de Responsabilidad Limitada).
• They have to be created with two or more persons and may hold 50 people.
• Their equity is split in "cuotas" (not shares) each of which is a proportion of the company's assets.
• They may be controlled by one or more managers (external when necessary) or by an executive board.
• The by-laws of the company can't be changed and neither can their partners be altered, without the permission of the other partners.
• When it comes to taxation They differ from LLC's in that they are required to pay an amount of corporate tax for their income, which can be claimed by the owners to offset the tax they have to pay.

Chilean law also permits an extremely specific type of LLC owned by an individual called Empresa Individual de Responsabilidad Limitedada (Limited Limited Liability Company) that uses the E.I.R.L. aggregation.

Colombia[edit]

Colombian law contemplates a similar structure to the one described on the Chilean case. It is also possible to use the Ltda. abbreviation is also utilized throughout Colombia.

Croatia[edit]

In Croatia, an private limited liability corporation is known as Drustvo s Ogranicenom Odgovornoscu (literal limit liability company) which is abbreviated as d.o.o.. An open-ended liability corporation is referred to as dionicko dirustvo (literal word: jointly-owned corporation) shortens d.d.. 

Czech Republic[edit]

Czech law permits LLCs to be the spolecnost of s rucenim as well as s (s.r.o. (or spol. or spol. r.o.). A s.r.o. is not technically equivalent to an LLC since the profits are in the tax bracket of double taxes. Czech law doesn't provide the possibility of establishing as a limited company, without the chance of being able to avoid double taxation. The liability of the managing director is not restricted in Czech management directors, as the management director ( jednatel, the mandatory board member of Czech LLCs) is liable for all liability, which covers all of the property he/she owns, including his private ones.

Denmark[edit]

The Danish version of an LLC is known as the Kommanditselskab (K/S). There are no minimum capital requirement. In a K/S, there exist two kinds of shareholders: the Komplementar who are fully accountable as well as the the kommanditist with a liability limit. A K/S can be described as a tax transparent business meaning that the profits "passes over" the business directly to shareholders.

Dominican Republic[ editDominican Republic[ edit

Dominican Republic legislation contemplates LLCs as Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limiteda which is also known by the abbreviation S.R.L. The law of the Dominican Republic states that S.R.L.s offer the members of their company a limited liability according to the amount they contributed to the business (i.e. the contribution of capital). This kind of company was established with the passing of that law was passed under the number 479 from the year in 2008.

Estonia[edit]

It is the Estonian variant of the private limited (limited to liability) is known as Osauhing (OU). The kind of business entity also has to be identified by its name. The OU can be taxed like an entity that is a corporation. The minimum capital requirement by law is EUR 2,500. 

Finland[edit]

While not exactly the same Although not exactly the same, however, the Finnish model of LLC is known as the Oy (osakeyhtio) also known Swedish ab (aktiebolag). The Oy is taxed like an entity. From 1 July 2019 the minimum capital is not requirement under the law.

Germany[edit]

Due to its hybrid nature, it's very difficult to establish the German equivalent in Germany. On one hand it is possible to consider it as a kind of Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung (GmbH) because it has aspects of a corporation; on the other hand it could be considered to be a kind of Kommanditgesellschaft (KG), which is the German equivalent of a limited partnership. According to the literal meaning to the German word "company" the LLC is considered to be a form of KG without a responsible partner. The German equivalent that comes closest to LLC, is GmbH & Co KG, a nested Kommanditgesellschaft (KG) where a Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung (GmbH) takes the role of the fully liable partner. For the purpose of taxation, the Bundesfinanzministerium (German Federal Ministry of Finance) gives detailed guidelines of the circumstances under which an LLC is to be considered to be a "corporation" or as a "limited partnership".[15] It is useful to note, however, that the original LLC statutes of Wyoming and other US states were more or less explicitly modeled after the GmbH.[16]

Greece[edit]

An LLC or limited liability corporation (LLC) located in Greece is synonymous with an EPE (EPE EPE = Etaireia Periorismenes Euthunes).

Hong Kong[ editHong Kong[ edit

The Limited Company is the most popular type of company in Hong Kong, the Limited Company is the most frequently incorporated type of business ^[1818] and has its characteristics as an Limited Liability Company. The fundamental features of the Hong Kong Limited Company include one of the following:) it must have at least one director and one shareholder (can also be one person) and it is ii) the Hong Kong company requires a company secretary who is resident in HK and the third) the company can be owned by foreigners permitted and in addition,) shareholders of companies have a limit on liability and) the company has to have a an official HK address.

Entrepreneurs who wish to establish a company with Hong Kong can choose a Hong Kong offshore company. The structure of this company is one of the HK Limited Company but all operations are carried out in the outside world of Hong Kong. The benefit of this type of structure is that any business revenue that comes from out of Hong Kong is tax exempt.

Hungary[edit]

Hungarian legislation contemplates LLCs as Korlatolt felelossegu tarsasag. Businesses operating under this form add an abbreviation Kft. to their name.  Hungarian LLCs must have a three million HUF (Hungarian Forint) (approx. $11,000) beginning capital. The formation timeframe for the new electronic option for formation is reduced from two weeks to only two hours. The additional cost for formation is approximately 100,000 HUF (approx. US$540). Kft.s can be created through the co-operation of lawyers.

The Hungarian Kft. is the most commonly used method of conducting business in Hungary. Since Hungary is part of the European Union (EU), Hungarian Kft.s are now able to obtain the EU VAT Registration Number in order to start conducting business in the EU. The Hungarian EU-VAT registered. number begins by a "HU". The existence of the business concerned tax issues, VAT and cross-check are available through the common EU website for businesses. ^[ 

Iceland[edit]

According to Icelandic law there are two primary types of LLC forms: both public and private held restricted liability types. Private LLC is abbreviated as "Ehf." The minimum capital required is 500, 000 Icelandic Kronas (kr.). Public LLC is abbreviated "Hf." with a minimum investment of $4,000,000.

India[edit]

Nearly 93 percent of businesses that are registered with India can be registered under the name private limited Companies.  ^{he majority of private limited companies in India are registered as Private Limited Companies.}

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs is the body responsible for governing every Private Limited Companies in India. The principal law that regulates Private Limited Companies is the Companies Act 2013. 

Prior to 2015 members (known by the name of members) were required to pay a minimum amount of the amount of1 thousand (equivalent up to Rs1.3 lakh or US$1,600 by the year 2020) as a subscription to form the company as a private limited.  A private limited company may have up to 200 members. A company with only one member is known as one person company. One Person Company. ^[2222.

The Company Act , 2013 is the legislation that regulates the company as well as the rules (Delegated Legislation) and notices and Circulars along with Notifications released by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.

Iran[edit]

In 2015 there were seven kinds of firms that are registered under Iran's registration of companies law. One of the seven kinds of partnerships and companies are LLPs. As in many other countries two people must make up the LLP to form an LLP in Iran. Each member has their share of the company and accountable for business liabilities equivalent to their percentage of shares. The LLPs of Iran are named based on the structure illustrated with the below example "Sherkat Ba Masooliyate Mahdood" is translated as "Sherkat Shrkht Corporation" + "Mahdood MHDWD Limited" + "Masooliyat Msy'wlyt Liability".

Italy[edit]

The Italian Civil Code was approved in 1942, and in its current form, as amended in the Act of Government 6/2003, which further modifications, generally offers three types of limited liability companies:

• Societa per azioni (S.p.A.): the minimum capital needed to start required for the formation of an SpA of the sum of EUR50,000.  The capital is divided into shares (azioni) which are transferred through endorsement, or purchased and sold through stock exchanges. SpAs are the only ones that can. SpAs can be listed on the markets on stock exchanges or issue corporate bonds as well as other instruments of finance. SpA forms and higher capital are legally required to be used within protected enterprises (i.e. leasing companies, banks etc. ).
• Societa a responsibility limitation (Srl) (Srl): the minimum capital needed to start an Srl is EUR 10,000. Its capital is divided in stakes (quote) that can be purchased or sold through a notarial act. Srls are able to issue corporate bonds, however they are subject to a variety of restrictions. Like that of the Srl can be an entity called the Societa Cooperativa A Responsabilita Limitedata (Scarl) which's purpose is not profit-making but to offer benefits to stake holders.
• Societa in accomandita for azioni (Sapa) The minimum capital required to start Sapa Sapa is 120,000 euros divided into shares. Sapas are a mix liability structure which means that shareholders with standard shares have a limited liability, while the managing shareholders face full responsibility. However, SAPAs function identical to SPAs even though they are not common.

Companies can add the abbreviation to the company's name.

Japan[edit]

Japan has passed legislation in the year 1996 to create a new kind of business entity, the godo-kaisha (J-LLC) it is similar to an American LLC. ^{[ Need to citeThe} Japanese Tax authorities do not regard J-LLC (Godo-Kaisha) as a pass-through entity however it is a tax-paying entity.

Latvia[edit]

The limited-liability company of Latvia is known as the sabiedriba atbildibu or Ierobezot (SIA). SIA can be taxed like a company. Share capital is the minimum that is required under law amounts to EUR2,800.  However, it is possible to create SIA with capital for shares of EUR1.00 but it has to be raised to a the minimum share capital of EUR2,800 by increasing share capital by cash or by transferring minimum 25% of the annual profits until capital will be at least EUR2,800.

Mexico[edit]

Mexican legislation contemplates LLCs as Sociedades de Responsabilidad Limitada (including Sociedades de Responsabilidad Limitada de Capital Variable), also known for their abbreviation "S. de R.L." (or "S de R.L. or "S de R.L. C.V.") ( Limited and limited liability corporation (also known as the limited liability business that has fixed capital). S. de R.L. 's decision to limit liability for its members in the amount of the amount they contribute to the business (i.e. contributions in capital) and can also be used as flow-through companies where earnings can be "passed-through" into its member companies, thus avoiding double taxation. This kind of business is extensively utilized by foreign investors in Mexico due to its "pass-through" method and "check the box" option within the IRC (Internal Revenue Code of the U.S.). ^{The Citation requiredThe IRC allows for "check the box"}

Moldova[edit]

Moldovan legislation permits LLCs to operate as Societate cu a Raspundere Limitata that is abbreviated "S.R.L. ", and are regulated member(s)-founder(s), and other non-founder members, minimum one member-founder and maximum total of 50 members, at least one of them must be the founder of the company, but all of the 50 could be also founder

North Macedonia[ editNorth Macedonia[ edit

Macedonian legislation contemplates LLCs as Drushtvo so ogranichena odgovornost (Drushtvo so ogranichena odgovornost). The companies that operate under this structure add an abbreviation d.o.o. ( d.o.o.) to their names. The minimum capital required to start of a d.o.o. is EUR 5,000.

Norway[edit]

In Norway the closest thing to an LLC is likely the Kommandittselskap (KS). In a K/S, there exist two kinds of participants: one the komplementar who is fully responsible and the other Kommandittists with a lower liability. There are capital requirements that are minimal. It is important to note that the KS is a tax transparent company that means that the earnings "passes over" the business directly to shareholders.

Pakistan[edit]

In Pakistan LLCs are recognized as private corporations that terminate (Local Liability Corporation) by forming a Pvt. Ltd. They must have at minimum the amount of Rs 100,000 as their minimum capital amount to be paid.

The Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) has made it obligatory for all listed businesses to provide their documents, returns as well as applications via SECP's eServices online filing facility. prior to this, the obligation was only available to companies that were incorporated using the eServices the online file facility^.

Peru[edit]

There is no equivalent to the form of an LLC in Peru however, similar corporate forms to the LLC include:

• Sociedad anonima cerrada (S.A.C. ) A company that has at minimum at least two but not over 20 shareholders. The shares of the company can not be sold to the public , and they cannot be traded on the stock exchange.
• Sociedad comercial de responsabilidad limitada (S.R.L. ) is a partnership in commerce comprised of equal shares that is not able to be referred to as "shares". It should have at least two but no more than 20 members.
• Sociedad civil responsibility limited (S. Civil de. L.), an association of professionals consisting with at least two and not more than 30 individuals and co-ownership through capital, professional contributions or any combination of the two.
• Empresa individual de responsabilidad limitada (E.I.R.L. ) is a legal entity with a single owner.

The capital required by any of these entities can be determined in accordance with the statutes of its. There isn't a minimum requirement for any entity, except for those that engage in certain kinds of activities mostly in market for financial instruments, and regardless of the type of business. ^[27]

Poland[edit]

In Poland limited liability business is referred by its literal name of "company which has limited liabilities" (spolka Z ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia) legally abbreviated as Sp. Z. o.o. (or sometimes , Sp. z o.o. in particular names). Informally, as in Polish language it is abbreviated to spolka Zoo (pronounced with an extended "o" for "tow ."). However, sp. z o.o. is an (separate with its proprietors) legal entity that gives it the power to carry out specific legal actions and is regarded as to be a "corporation".

The minimum capital for start-ups is 5 000 pounds (since 2009; up to then, it's 50,000 PGN).

Portugal[edit]

In Portugal LLCs are known as " Sociedades de Responsabilidade Limitada" which translates to, "company of limited responsibility" which is usually known as "LDA.. They are tax-exempt, and company shares can't be traded on a market that is public in 2006; however, the transfer of these shares is not required with the help of an official Civil law notary except when the company is a landlord, similarly to other significant properties must be sold. The responsibility of the shareholders is restricted to the share of capital they hold, as well as the minimum capital that is required by law for an notary. of EUR5000. (In 2006, the PS Government, led by Jose Socrates, did reduce the minimum capital required to EUR1 and in 2011 The new PSD Government, led by Pedro Passos Coelho, reinstated the EUR5000 minimum capital.) The capital does not have to be deposited at date of registration of the company; instead the shareholders are given until December 31st of the year that the registration was established

Romania[edit]

Romania has recognized the limitation liability company from 1990 under the name société cu raspundere limitata (S.R.L. ) where individuals are responsible for obligations of the company in the range of their contributions towards social capital. The minimum starting capital is 200 RON, which is just EUR50.